Principles of national health policy

Principles of National Health Policy

• Professionalism, Integrity, and Ethics: Healthcare professionals should maintain high standards of professionalism, integrity, and ethics. This should be supported by a strong regulatory environment.
• Equity: We should strive to reduce inequality in healthcare. This means reaching the poorest people and minimizing disparities.
• Affordability: We should make healthcare more affordable. This means preventing catastrophic household healthcare expenditures. These are defined as health expenditures exceeding 10% of a household's total monthly consumption expenditure or 40% of its monthly non-food consumption expenditure.
• Universality: Everyone should have access to healthcare. This is regardless of their social or economic status or current health status.
• Patient-Centeredness and Quality of Care: Healthcare services should be gender-sensitive, effective, safe, and convenient. They should be provided with dignity and confidentiality.
• Accountability: Healthcare systems should be financially and performance accountable. There should be transparency in decision-making, and corruption should be eliminated.
• Inclusive Partnerships: We should take a multistakeholder approach to healthcare.
• Pluralism: Patients should have access to AYUSH care providers if they choose to. AYUSH is a system of traditional Indian medicine. It should be based on documented and validated local, home, and community-based practices.
• Decentralization: Decision-making should be decentralized to the lowest practical level. We should also promote community participation in health planning processes.
• Dynamism and Adaptiveness: We should constantly improve our healthcare system based on new knowledge and evidence. We should also learn from the communities and from our national and international knowledge partners.

Also Includes

Key Features of National Health Policy

• To provide superior healthcare services to all age groups and genders.
• To ensure universal high-quality healthcare services at an affordable cost.
• Promoting a healthcare-oriented approach in all development policies.
• The goal is to lower the number of people who die too soon from cancer, heart disease, breathing problems, and diabetes by 25% before 2025.
• To recognize the importance of sustainable development and setting time-bound quantitative goals.
• The goal is to improve healthcare in all aspects, including services that help people stay healthy, feel better when sick, and recover from illnesses.

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Benefits of National Health Policy

• The National Health Policy wants everyone to access good healthcare and get free medicine and tests.
• Introducing measures such as providing a health card for every family will improve health outcomes in India.
• Grading medical facilities and encouraging the use of standard treatment will improve the quality of healthcare delivery in India.

Issues with National Health Policy

• The policy repeats a particular part of the Health section of the Finance Minister's 2017 Budget speech. It emphasizes health spending targets set by the erstwhile Planning Commission of the 12th Five Year Plan.
• It does not establish health as a justifiable right in the way that Right to Education 2005 did for school education.
• One of the most noticeable gaps in the current context is the need for more capacity to move to higher levels of public funding for health.
• Even though there were more MBBS graduates from 2009 to 2015, more than achieving the policy goals are needed. Also, only a small number of doctors work for the government.

National Health Policy Thrusts

• The National Health Policy aims to increase public health expenditure to 2.5% of the GDP in a time-bound manner.
• The policy wants to prevent accidents on roads and railways by using Yatri Suraksha and make workplaces safer and less stressful.
• The policy wants to keep people safe on roads and railways with Yatri Suraksha and make workplaces less dangerous and stressful.
• The policy also aims to address indoor and outdoor air pollution.
• The organization of public healthcare delivery is proposed to be improved through seven key policy shifts.

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List of Major National Health Programmes

Here’s a list of Major National Health Programmes as stated in the National Health Policy 2017:

• National Health Mission (NHM)
• National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS)
• Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP)
• National Programme for Control of Blindness (NPCB) and Iodine Deficiency Disorder Control (IDDC)
• National AIDS Control Programme (NACP)
• National Mental Health Programme (NMHP)
• Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK)
• Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK)
• National Tobacco Control Programme (NTCP)
• National Programme for Health Care of the Elderly (NPHCE)
• National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP)
• Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP)
• National Viral Hepatitis Control Programme (NVHCP)
• National Rabies Control Programme
• Programme for Prevention and Control of Leptospirosis
• Inter-Sectoral Coordination for Prevention and Control of Zoonotic Diseases
• Guinea Worm Eradication Programme (GWEP)
• Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Containment
• Yaws Eradication Programme (YEP)

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Way Forward

We need more healthcare workers in rural areas, and working with private companies in the short term might be necessary. But we must ensure that private companies follow the rules and don't misuse public money. To do this, we need to collect accurate healthcare data.

We also need to ensure that public institutions provide medicine and tests to everyone and set deadlines for doing so to lower the cost of healthcare for people.

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